Subject particle, Object particle & Verb (Present tense) in Korean

가. Basic verb stem: Basic form of all verbs ends in ‘~다’. It also can be used in the dictionary form. We call the main part except ‘~다’ as “Basic Verb Stem” and “Verb Ending”. Usually ‘Verb Stem’ does not change, but ‘Verb Ending’ changes its form  and has many meanings. 이다, 가다, 먹다, 쇼핑하다.....

나. Object particle  : ~을/를 come after a noun and shows the object of the verb in the sentence.

보기(e.g.): 저는 한국 음악을 좋아해요.

다. Directional marker or locative particle ~에(to, toward, at, in, on, to for, per) is attached to place, time and counting unit. In this chapter, ~ 에 is used for indicating the location you are going to.

보기(e.g.):

한국에 가요.                              싱가포르에 와요.

머라이언이 센토사에 있어요.       집에 초대해요.

~에서(from,at,in)

한국에서 왔어요. (I am from Korea)

한국에서 한국말을 공부해요. (I study Korean in Korea.)

Present tense: when basic verb stem ends with 아,오 then you need to combine with 아요, 어/우/으/이 with 어요 and 하 with, 해요 respectively. 

Action verb changes with present tense

Basic verb form (基本形)	Meaning(뜻)	Present tense +아요/+어요/+여요(해요)
1. 가다	to go	가요
2. 오다	to come	와요
3. 만나다	to meet	만나요
4. 있다	to have/exist/stay	있어요
5. 먹다	to eat	먹어요
6. 좋아하다	to be like	좋아해요
7. 공부하다	to study	공부해요

Source: Page 40, Basic Conversational Korean by Ebony BAE